Understanding the Signs, Causes, and Treatment Options for Melanoma in Toenail

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that may develop anywhere on the body, including the feet. While the development of melanoma in the toenail is uncommon, it is possible and should not be overlooked. This article outlines the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for toenail melanoma.

What Is Melanoma in Toenails?

Melanoma is a kind of skin cancer that develops in the pigment-producing cells. Even though it is rare, melanoma can sometimes grow in the toenail. Toenail melanoma usually starts in the tissue under the nail bed and can spread to other parts of the body if not treated.

Symptoms of Melanoma in Toenail

Toenail melanoma may manifest as a variety of symptoms, including:

• • A dark streak. This may appear as a brown or black band on the nail, often on the dominant thumb or great toe. This black streak, however, might appear on any nail.
  • Dark skin next to your nail. That can be an indication of advanced melanoma if the skin surrounding your fingernail darkens.
  • Nail lifting from your fingers or toes.  This occurs when the nail begins to separate from the nail bed. The white edge at the top of your nail will start to look longer as the nail lifts.
  • Nail splitting, which happens when a nail breaks in half.
  • A bump or nodule under the nail. You may also see a band of color on your nail. It may be wide and irregular, or it could be dark and narrow.

Causes Of Melanoma in Toenail 

Toenail melanoma is usually induced by sun exposure, particularly if the toe is constantly exposed to the sun. A history of melanoma, a compromised immune system, and a family history of skin cancer are additional risk factors. It is important to remember that not all cases of toenail melanoma have a clear cause.

Diagnosis Of Melanoma in Toenail 

Toenail melanoma is often diagnosed by a biopsy of the affected nail. The biopsy will be inspected under a microscope to assess the malignant nature of the cells. If melanoma is identified, more tests may be conducted to detect if the cancer has spread to other areas of the body.

Treatment Options for Melanoma in Toenail

The treatment options for toenail melanoma depend on the cancer’s stage and the patient’s overall health. In certain instances, surgery may be required to remove the diseased nail and any malignant tissue below. Toenail melanoma may also be treated with chemotherapy, radiation treatment, and immunotherapy, particularly if the disease has progressed to other regions of the body.

Prevention of Toenail Melanoma

To prevent toenail melanoma, it is necessary to shield your feet from sun exposure. This involves using sunscreen, wearing shoes that protect the toes, and avoiding tanning beds. Also, it is essential to do routine self-examinations of your feet and toenails to detect any changes in color or texture.

Melanoma in the toenail is rare but dangerous because it can cause cancer to spread if it is not treated. It is crucial to be aware of the signs of toenail melanoma and to seek medical assistance if your toenail changes. Contact the Houston foot doctor at DeNiel Foot and Ankle Center if you’ve seen changes in your toenail and want to get it examined.

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