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Podiatrist examining a patient's foot for diabetic foot issues.
10Feb

Podiatrist examining a patient's foot for diabetic foot issues.

The importance of eating a healthy, balanced diet, monitoring blood glucose levels, staying active, and taking prescribed medications can never be emphasized enough if you are diabetic; another important thing to add is regular foot exams. Foot exams reduce the chances of developing complications as a result of conditions that were not attended to early. There are self-exams and annual professional evaluations. Diabetes presents a high risk of foot problems such as diabetic foot ulcers and peripheral vascular disease to patients. Diabetic foot care looks out for injuries, infections or bone abnormalities. The main cause of diabetic feet problem is nerve damage and poor blood flow or blood circulation.

Alarming symptoms which require attention include 

  • Burning sensation
  • Tingling
  • Pain
  • Difficulty while walking
  • Numbness
  • Swelling

Symptoms that call for the immediate attention of a podiatrist include

  • A cut or a blister that is taking longer to heal.
  • If an injury is warm to touch
  • If an injury has redness around it.
  • The presence of callus with dried blood inside.
  • And a smelly, black injury which most likely is gangrene; this is the death of body tissue and if left untreated could lead to foot amputation or death.

What to expect when a podiatrist examines you

  1. General assessment where the podiatrist asks questions about your health and any problems you have had with your feet. They also ask about your footwear to be sure your shoes do not easily cause blisters, calluses, and ulcers.
  2. Dermatological assessment where the podiatrist will look for skin problems and signs of fungal infection.
  3. Neurologic assessment that includes a series of tests which are
    1. Monofilament test which particularly tests foot sensitivity.
    2. Tuning fork and VPT (Visual Perception Tests) – to check the sensitivity of the foot and toes to vibrations.
    3. Pinprick test to determine if you can feel a pin, poke your foot.
    4. Ankle reflexes – a tap below the knee to check your reflexes.
  4. Musculoskeletal assessment to check for abnormalities in the structure and shape of your foot.
  5. Vascular assessment using the Doppler ultrasound to check how well the blood is flowing to your feet.

Treatment

The provider might recommend frequent exams to monitor the progress, but for bone deformities, surgery can be recommended while antibiotics are administered to treat foot infections.

No specific treatment is administered for nerve damage, but treatments are given, such as skin creams, medicine, and physical therapy, to improve the function of the feet and relieve pain. 

How to go about diabetic foot care?

Wear appropriate fitting shoes or ask the doctor for custom shoes.

Keep moist away from your skin by wearing socks.

Clean your feet daily and apply a fragrance-free moisturizer, avoid applying in between the toes.

Trim toenails regularly

Avoid walking barefoot

Conduct daily foot self-exams to monitor changes.

Seek professional foot evaluation at least annually.

Manage diabetes as recommended by the health professional.

Avoid abrasive foot products

Exercise daily to keep the blood flowing.

Do not smoke as this leads to foot complications due to poor blood circulation and nerve damage.

Close-up of red, sore heels indicating running injury or plantar fasciitis.
4Feb

What Causes Running Injuries?

More than fifty percent of runners suffer from an injury every year. Every elite runner knows that being sidelined for running injuries, especially heel pain, Achilles tendon pain, and the plantar fasciitis, is disappointing. People think running injuries occur because they increased the distance or intensity, or they did not stretch before and after running among other reasons. Some of these reasons aggravate an already underlying problem.

Most injuries are due to biochemical imbalance which causes the breakdown of the body due to subjective repetitive load causes. Biochemical imbalances cause muscle weakness and other imbalances that cause running injuries include

foot pain

Muscle Flexibility Imbalances

A tight muscle is a common reason for a running injury. It is very possible to do a few stretches and get back running without pain. Simple, right! No, it’s not because the stretches help you re-align a muscle or tissue and you are back running again. The main question is what was the cause of the tight muscle? First, you need to find out why the muscle is overworking or tightening because stretching is a temporal solution. A tight hamstring may be as a result of weak abdominal muscles or glute muscle. These might be forcing the hamstring to compensate and with a few stretches you do not solve the weak abs or glutes and the problem might recur.

Soft Tissue Imbalances

This is complex, but changes in muscle tension can trigger points of fascia tightness. Muscle tension affects how the body functions, but with regular massage, the muscles relax.

Structural Imbalances

The body is not perfectly symmetrical; that is the right side of the body is not the same as the left side. People who cope well have minor asymmetries of the body depending on the number of differences. Others have severe structural imbalances that need more attention to avoid overstraining causing injuries from time to time.  

Muscle Strength Imbalances

For optimal functioning of the body, a balance between the inside and outside, the right and left side, the bottom and top, and the front and back of the body should be maintained. If the muscles of the right leg are weaker the muscles of the left leg will have difficulties. Unfortunately, there is never enough exercise to strengthen your muscles as you would expect. It is important to note that every joint in your body is affected when you work on one muscle. Effective muscle exercises need to be tailored individually for running purposes.

Some common running injuries include

Plantar fasciitis

This is an irritation of the fibrous tissue at the base of the heel due to forced strain on the plantar fascia. One experiences an arch pain or heel pain and the foot hurts with every step making running very difficult. This injury is common with runners who have very low or very high arches because the plantar fascia is forced to stretch. The pain caused by plantar fasciitis can continue for months and even years before completely healing so it should be treated as soon as possible.

Achilles tendon pain

The Achilles tendon is the strongest and thickest tendon connecting the back of the heel and calf muscles. The Achilles tendon injury is the painful inflammation of the tendon. The pain is common in the morning or with activity. Avoid training amidst this injury because the pain will eventually hinder the ability to jog lightly. Runners who have tight, weak calves are vulnerable to this injury.

Choosing the right running shoe is one of the protective ways in which runners can safeguard themselves from injuries. Correct your biomechanics to decrease the probability of injuries.

Close-up of toes with hammertoe deformity on sandy surface.
20Jan

Hammertoe: Insight

Hammer toe can be defined as a condition of foot deformity meaning a painful foot condition in which the toes curl and arch up that leads to heavy pain when wearing footwear. Hammer toe usually affects the second and third toe of the feet. Hammer toe can be diagnosed by doing a set of physical examination of the feet.

Close-up of toes with hammertoe deformity on sandy surface.

Cause of Hammer Toe

Most commonly a hammer toe occurs when the middle joint of the toe becomes bent or flexed downwards.

General Causes include

  • Pressure from bunion
  • Tightened ligaments
  • Arthritis
  • Traumatic toe injury
  • Damage in the spinal cord or peripheral nerve

 

Symptoms of hammer toe

Hammer toe is bound to give an uneasy discomfort while walking. It causes unbearable pain if intended to stretch the toe.

  • Bending toe
  • Calluses or corns
  • Toe looking like claw
  • Inability to flex the toe
  • Adapting difficulty in walking

 

hammer

Is surgery required for hammer toe?

Hammer toe surgery can never be the primary option. Hammer can be of different categories it may cause mild or severe. If there is severe hammer toe then hammer toe surgery is required. The best way to judge is to visit a doctor as soon as you feel uneasy.

Hammer toe surgery should be opted out in these basic following options

  • Active infection
  • Poor health condition
  • Poor blood circulation in the feet.

Doctors prescribe Hammer toe surgery in severe conditions such as joint toe fusion and joint resection or even if you have swollen toes.

Hammer toe surgery is considered to be the least choice left for any hammer toe patient. Therefore it is of utmost importance to meet a doctor as soon as possible because a mild hammer toe condition can also lead to serious mishaps. In case the doctors recommend doing a Hammer toe surgery then it may be simply out of a failure in responding to treatments.

How can hammer toe be treated?

Hammer toe can be cured by wearing appropriate footwear and wearing properly fitting shoes. Mainly the high arch toe condition is caused by wearing toe pads that do not fit better. Correct toe pads shift the toe position that relieves the toe for getting overlapped from pressure.

Hammer toe treatment can be done using over the counter cushions, bunions, corns, and medications. Applying over the counter creams provides relief to blistering infections, and an ice pack can be used as Hammer toe treatment as well.

Preventive measures for hammer toe

Hammer toe problems in most cases have found out to be either from family history or chronically using tight pointed shoes. 

Eventually, a hammer toe can be avoided by taking certain stringent changes in your daily routine.

  • Must avoid wearing shoes that are tight and narrow or don’t fit well. An especially woman who wears heels up to 6 inches must cut it down to 2 inches.
  • Choose shoes that are much wider from the tip that gives you ½ inch between the end of the longest toe and inside the tip of the show.
Detailed illustration of the Achilles tendon connecting calf muscles to the heel.
14Jan

Understanding the Achilles Tendon

The achilles tendon is known to be the largest tendon in your body that extends from calf muscles to the bones of the heel. You can feel it at the back of your ankle and above your heel. To feel the achilles tendon at work, while on your feet, point your toes to the floor and raise the tips of your toes. Injuries to this tendon are often associated with mild or moderate pain or sudden stiffness in that part of the leg. In severe cases of achilles tendon pain, it may be because the tendon is torn or possibly ruptured. 

achilles tendon

Causes of Injuries To The Achilles Tendon

The injury is common if someone is engaging in activities that require quick sprints, slow downs or pivots. Some of these activities are dancing, football, tennis, volleyball, softball, gymnastics, running, etc. Furthermore, repetitive strain of achilles tendon have been known to be a common cause of injury to the achilles tendon.

The achilles tendon connects to the achilles heel. The achilles heel bone can become tender with age and this increases the probability of an injury to the bone or tendon. This scenario is typically more severe for athletes that participate in quick movement sports.

How to prevent a foot injury to the achilles tendon?

To prevent an achilles tendon injury, some measures can be taken:

Daily stretching – It is necessary to stretch the calf muscles and achilles tendon daily to prevent injuries to this part of the leg. This will also improve your flexibility. 

  • Increase activity level slowly – With regular physical activity, the likelihood of experiencing pain from achilles tendon is very slim
  • Strengthen calf muscles – Strong muscles help the calf and achilles tendon to handle sudden stress caused by exercise or similar activities.  
  • Take it easy – Try to keep away from activities that can cause stress to your calf muscles and achilles tendon. Warm-up first before you try any strenuous activity.  
  • Choose shoes carefully – Choose the right shoes when exercising. Choose shoes that have suitable cushioning to reduce stress to your feet. Replace worn-out shoes. Finally, if the shoe is not comfortable, do not use it to exercise. 

Achilles Tendonitis Treatment

If you are dealing with Achilles tendonitis, the following steps can help alleviate the pain:

  1. Rest the injured leg as much as you can and do not put weight on the leg. 
  2. Ice it for at least twenty minutes and also do some stretches to avoid pain from the tendon.
  3. Compress your injured leg with the help of elastic bandages around the lower leg and  ankle to reduce the chances of swelling.
  4. You can take anti-inflammatory medicines which should help with pain and swelling. Take medicine only after consulting with a physician as it is necessary to use the right dosage
  5. While resting, try elevating your leg to get some relief.
  6. Try wearing heel lifts. Heel lifts in shoes give relief from achilles tendonitis pain.
Foot examination by podiatrist at DeNiel Foot and Ankle Center.
5Jan

Modern-day medicine field has advanced greatly and it is possible to get a doctor or specialists from head to toe problems. Never make the mistake of overlooking your feet. Instead, it is necessary to keep it healthy and well nurtured. It shall contribute it having fully functional feet. Foot pain and related problems are common to occur. This is when you want to see a podiatrist. With plenty of options of foot doctor available, choosing the right one for the right care may be confusing. Below are mentioned some of the things to look that shall guide you to choose the best podiatrist.

Foot examination by podiatrist at DeNiel Foot and Ankle Center.

Experience of the podiatrist

Instead of visiting a random clinic for your foot pain, it is better to consult an experienced one. If you are suffering from the problem for the first time, run a background check of the podiatrist’s experience before seeking medical assistance. In this regard, there are several options for choosing a foot doctor. The doctors are the experienced ones that offer quality service. Soon after the symptoms show up, consult the Houston foot doctor to get immediate care and nurturing for your feet.

Look for the referred doctors

Check with one of the referred foot doctors in Houston Texas to get a suitable service for your foot pain. Instead of choosing a random service, try to go by reference ensuring quality medical service. Go by references from your friends or family and make comparisons before you choose the right one.

Consider your medical condition

A houston foot specialist will examine your medical condition before you apply any medicine or medical treatment. But there are some medical conditions that can have a negative impact on your foot pain problem. Even if you are under any prior medication, discuss it in detail with your doctor before he or she prescribes a new one. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that you settle down for an experienced doctor who can address your complications correctly one go. Slight delay in treatment can often make the foot pain issue the worst one.

Specialization of the podiatrist

If you wish to choose any podiatrists in Houston, make sure that the person is specialized in offering your suitable solution for foot pain problems. Some podiatrists are known to have specialization in sports injury, bio-mechanical and the like. When consulting with the doctor for the first time, try to know about his or her specialization for better results. Your inquisitiveness shall help you choose the right podiatrist to help you get rid of foot pain.

Convenience of getting the right treatment

Even if the doctor is an experienced one, you have to check whether it will be convenient for you to visit the doctor considering your foot condition. In this regard, you have to consider how quickly and easily you can get medical help. For choosing the doctor near you, never make the mistake of seeking help from an inexperienced one. This will result in a negative impact. 

Diagram showing normal foot and foot drop with nerve pathways highlighted.
30Dec

Foot drop which is also known as drop foot is a difficulty in which an individual is unable to drop the front part of the foot. While walking, the front part of the foot may drag on the ground. It is not a disease but a neurological problem or anatomical problem. It can be both permanent and temporary. Depending on the intensity of the problem, you may have to wear a brace on your foot and ankle that shall help to hold your foot in position. 

Diagram showing normal foot and foot drop with nerve pathways highlighted.

What are the causes of foot drop?

Foot drop is caused by paralysis of muscles that help in lifting the front part of the foot. There are several causes of foot drop, and some of them are mentioned below.

  • Nerve injury – Foot drop is caused by compression of a nerve in leg that controls the muscles that contribute to lifting the front part of the foot. In case, the nerve gets injured during knee replacement and the like, it also results in problems like foot drop. Other than this, nerve root injury, which is also known as the pinched nerve, can be considered as foot drop causes. The nerve disorder is more common in the one with diabetes. 
  • Brain and spinal cord disorders – Any disorder affecting the brain or spinal cord such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or ALS multiple strokes or like may often result in foot drop problem.
  • Muscle or nerve disorders – Forms of muscular dystrophy is an inherited disease that causes muscle weakness, and it may also result in foot drop. Even order disorders like polio can also result in nerve disorders.

What are the symptoms of foot drop?

Due to foot drop, one cannot drop the front part of the foot. In such cases, he or she might have to drag the foot on the floor. For this, you have to raise your thigh when walking. Also, you may have to slap your foot down due to this neurological problem. In some cases, the top of your skin of the toe and foot may feel numb. So, depending on the cause, it will affect your foot.

How should foot drop be treated?

For foot drop treatment, you should not delay once you notice the symptoms. It is better to get the problem diagnosed at its initial stages. Also, the treatment will depend on the cause of the neurological problem. With successful and early diagnosis, it can improve or even disappear and never come back. In case, the cause of the disease can be treated, it may become a permanent problem. Some of the treatment methods include the following. 

  • Braces or splints 

The foot drop brace is useful when you wear them on your ankle or foot. It should fit into your shoe that shall help to hold your foot in a proper position. 

  • Physical therapy 

Some proper physical therapy can also help to get rid of the foot drop issue. You can practice exercises that help strengthen leg muscles and maintain the range of movement of the ankle and knee. This shall further help to improve gait issues that are related to foot drop.

  • Nerve stimulation 

The foot drop nerve stimulation is important as it helps lift your foot and improves the problem of foot drop. 

If you have any questions about foot drop, please feel free to contact our office located in Cypress, TX. DeNiel Foot and Ankle Center offers the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.